Assessing the Benefits and Costs of Nature-Based Solutions for Climate Resilience: Guidelines for Project Developers

These guidelines support the design and execution of studies that can effectively inform NBS for climate resilience investment projects. It connects valuation methods to the different phases in NBS investment projects—from upstream analytics to impact evaluation—in a decision framework. This decision framework is designed to help guide study design, considering the project context as well as time and budget constraints.

Eight case studies on the benefits and costs of NBS for climate resilience that have informed World Bank projects—with interventions such as mangroves, urban green spaces, and watershed management—are included as practical examples.