Urban Overheating and Adaptation Measures - An Analysis at EU, National, and Local Level

In the context of escalating climate challenges, urban heat islands are reshaping the thermal landscapes of Europe’s cities and communities. As we navigate their increasing incidence and severity, a cohesive and informed response is required to addresses immediate impacts and lay down the foundations for resilient urban development. This report on Urban Overheating & Adaptation Measures explores the adaptation strategies employed across the European Union (EU) to mitigate the impacts of urban heat.

This analysis has two objectives: to clarify the challenges posed by urban overheating within the EU and to study the adaptation efforts spanning various governance levels. Through the examination of policies, initiatives, and practices at the EU, national, and city levels, this analysis provides an assessment of the current state of play, highlights exemplary cases of innovation and resilience, and identifies pathways for enhancement and collaboration. Urban overheating not only exacerbates environmental and health risks but also poses significant socioeconomic challenges. In response, the European Commission, its member states, and cities have mobilised a diverse array of adaptation strategies, ranging from green infrastructure development to policy reforms and community engagement initiatives. This report delves into these measures, offering insights into their effectiveness, scalability, and potential for replication.